...Wei Xu; Guoqiang Li Traditionally, programming of shape memory polymer (SMP) material requires initial heating above the glass transition temperature (T g ), subsequent cooling below T g and removal of the applied load. Therefore, the shape fixity process is inconvenient for some applications. Most...

...M. Chekchaki; V. Lazarus; J. Frelat The mechanical system considered is a bilayer cantilever plate. The substrate and the film are linear elastic. The film is subjected to isotropic uniform prestresses due for instance to volume variation associated with cooling, heating, or drying. This loading...

... 440 ° C / mm at temperature), consisted of repeated front-side heating with a flame and constant cooling of the back-side of the substrate either with front-side radiative cooling only or with additional forced air cooling between the heating cycles. The coatings exhibited characteristic “mud-cracking...

...Oluwole Daniel Makinde In this paper, a mathematical investigation on the effect of convective cooling on a reactive third-grade fluid flowing steadily through a cylindrical pipe is performed. It is assumed that the system exchange heat, with the ambient following Newton’s cooling law...

... 07 2005 28 12 2006 entropy plasticity cooling principle of maximum dissipation rate normality structure flow potentials plasticity The Principle of Maximum Dissipation Rate (PMD) goes back to Onsager ( 1 ) in 1931 who introduced it for the case...

... a finite element discretization of the macro domain, in which the evolution of the microstructure is taken into account at the Gauss integration points. The quantitative agreement between experimental and computational values in terms of cooling curves is acceptable. Evolution of liquid ( f l...

... in a wide range of qualities with an analytical model, and an application case, where the model is used to analyze the stability of an integral reactor cooled by natural circulation. The CAREM prototype is taken as a reference. In both cases, the numerical diffusion and integration errors are analyzed...

... hole and thus the flow is unable to “adjust” to the hole, unlike the case of a long hole in which fully developed pipe flow can be attained. This is motivated by gas turbine film cooling applications. Experimental results acquired with particle image velocimetry will primarily be presented, with some...