...Shahab Azimi; Siamak Arzanpour This paper presents an innovative approach to the design optimization of valved holding chambers (VHCs), crucial devices for aerosol drug delivery. We present the design of an optimal cylindrical VHC body and introduce a novel valve based on particle impaction theory...

... models are becoming popular in exploring which performance criterion is appropriate in the lifting phase. However, limited attempts have been performed on the other phases. The associated performance criterion for predicting other phases is unknown. In this study, an optimization model for predicting...

... to a corresponding variation in compliance throughout the cardiac cycle. The primary outcome of this work was the design optimization of the impedance elements, the quantitative characterization of the resistive and capacitive attributes of a compliant AAA phantom, and the exemplary use of MRI for flow visualization...

... successfully optimize the arterial resistances to reconstruct the underlying velocity and pressure fields, providing a potential new means to improve the patient specificity of simulation-based technologies in this area. e-mail:  stevemoore@au1.ibm.com 17 09 2018 10 06 2019 07 10 2019...

...Frederik Heinen; Søren N. Sørensen; Mark King; Martin Lewis; Morten Enemark Lund; John Rasmussen; Mark de Zee The aim of this study was to generate a subject-specific musculoskeletal muscle model, based on isometric and isovelocity measurements of the whole lower extremity. A two-step optimization...

... – 227 . 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2005.10.012 [15] Chao , C. K. , Lin , J. , Putra , S. T. , and Hsu , C. C. , 2010 , “ A Neurogenetic Approach to a Multiobjective Design Optimization of Spinal Pedicle Screws ,” ASME J. Biomed. Eng. , 132 ( 9 ), p. 091006 . 10.1115/1.4001887...

... model to estimate three-dimensional (3-D) digit kinematics. The solution model for each digit was based on assumptions of rigid-body interactions, specific degrees of freedom (DOFs) at each located joint, and the aligned coordinate system definitions. Techniques of inverse kinematics and optimization...

.... However these studies also found suboptimal Y-graft performance in some patient models. The goal of this work is to determine whether performance can be improved in these models through further design optimization. Geometric and hemodynamic factors that influence the HFD have not been sufficiently...

... approach to model the heart and downstream circulation. This closed loop multidomain model is then integrated with a fully automated derivative-free optimization algorithm to obtain optimal shunt geometries with variable parameters of shunt diameter, anastomosis location, and angles. Three objective...

... cadaver study by Erdemir et al. (“An Elaborate Data Set Characterizing the Mechanical Response of the Foot,” ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 131 (9), pp. 094502) was used for model development, optimization, and evaluation of material properties. A specimen-specific three-dimensional finite element representation...

...) studies have only examined a small number of possible geometries to identify stent designs that reduce alterations in near-wall hemodynamics. Based on a previously described framework for optimizing cardiovascular geometries, we developed a methodology that couples CFD and three-dimensional shape...

... and aerodynamic forces. It is found that the skier’s postures, wind speed, and direction play a significant role. The wind condition affects the pressure force (the form drag) on the skier and makes it a resistance or thrust regarding wind directions. The optimized posture with a minimization of resistance under...

... strains (20%). The constitutive material parameters were determined using a coupled finite element-optimization algorithm that utilized stress relaxation indentation tests at relatively high strains. The proposed model incorporates the strain-hardening, tension-compression, permeability, and finite...

... torques by optimizing for subject-specific BSP in the presence of characteristic and random errors in motion data measurements. A two-step optimization approach based on solving constrained nonlinear optimization problems was used. This approach minimized the differences between known ground reaction...

...-dimensional finite element model of the lumbar spine was developed from T12 to S1 and 117 pairs of trunk muscles (58 pairs of superficial muscles and 59 pairs of deep muscles) were considered. The follower load concept was mathematically represented as an optimization problem. The muscle forces required...

... and thickness of the cartilage layer. In this study, we developed a micro-indentation testing system to determine the compressive and biphasic mechanical properties of cartilage in the small joints of the mouse. A nonlinear optimization program employing a genetic algorithm for parameter estimation, combined...

...Jenni M. Buckley; Danny C. Leang; Tony M. Keaveny The sensitivity of vertebral body strength to the distribution of axial forces along the endplate has not been comprehensively evaluated. Using quantitative computed tomography-based finite element models of 13 vertebral bodies, an optimization...

... are dependent on axis locations, making knowledge of these locations critical to accurate musculoskeletal modeling of the foot and ankle. The accuracy of a computational optimization method that fits a two-revolute model to measured motion was assessed using computer-generated data, a two-revolute mechanical...

...Tony Farquhar; Jiang Zhou; William H. Wood We seek the ideal wheat stalk, which minimizes the structural mass required to support a fixed grain load in the presence of gravity and wind. The optimization search is restricted to stepped cylindrical stems of known moduli and density but unknown...