This work evaluated the genotoxic potential of the soluble organic material (SOM) extracted from the particulate matter (PM) emitted by an automotive diesel engine. The engine was modified to operate with a home-made multipoint-port injection system to substitute 10% of ultralow-sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuel in energy basis by hydrous ethanol (h-Et) or n-butanol (n-Bu) injected into the manifold during the intake stroke. A low engine load mode named M4 (43 N·m at 2410 min−1) and a medium-load mode M2 (95 N·m at 2410 min−1) were selected from the vehicle homologation cycle. PM was collected with a stainless steel filter located 1.5 m downstream the exhaust manifold. The SOM of the PM was extracted to evaluate the genotoxic activity on human lymphocytes using the comet assay. Results indicated that independently of the mode, the SOM coming from alcohols led more genotoxicity than ULSD, following the order h-Et > n-Bu > ULSD. The low engine load operation exhibited much more deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage than mode M2, especially the PM produced by hydrous ethanol port-injection. Although further research is still necessary, these findings suggest that the biology activity of the SOM coming from alcohols PM could be a barrier for the implementation of alcohol port-injection technology.
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July 2017
Research-Article
Genotoxicity of Diesel Particulate Matter Emitted by Port-Injection of Hydrous Ethanol and n-Butanol
Marlon Cadrazco,
Marlon Cadrazco
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: Marlon.cadrazco@udea.edu.co
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: Marlon.cadrazco@udea.edu.co
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John R. Agudelo,
John R. Agudelo
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: John.agudelo1@udea.edu.co
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: John.agudelo1@udea.edu.co
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Luz Y. Orozco,
Luz Y. Orozco
Environmental Modeling and
Management (GAIA),
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: lyorozcoj@gmail.com
Management (GAIA),
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: lyorozcoj@gmail.com
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Verónica Estrada
Verónica Estrada
Environmental Modeling and
Management (GAIA),
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: veronicae77@gmail.com
Management (GAIA),
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: veronicae77@gmail.com
Search for other works by this author on:
Marlon Cadrazco
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: Marlon.cadrazco@udea.edu.co
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: Marlon.cadrazco@udea.edu.co
John R. Agudelo
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: John.agudelo1@udea.edu.co
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: John.agudelo1@udea.edu.co
Luz Y. Orozco
Environmental Modeling and
Management (GAIA),
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: lyorozcoj@gmail.com
Management (GAIA),
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: lyorozcoj@gmail.com
Verónica Estrada
Environmental Modeling and
Management (GAIA),
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: veronicae77@gmail.com
Management (GAIA),
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA),
Calle 70 No. 52-21,
Medellín 050010, Colombia
e-mail: veronicae77@gmail.com
Contributed by the Internal Combustion Engine Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY. Manuscript received February 20, 2017; final manuscript received February 28, 2017; published online March 30, 2017. Assoc. Editor: Stephen A. Ciatti.
J. Energy Resour. Technol. Jul 2017, 139(4): 042207 (5 pages)
Published Online: March 30, 2017
Article history
Received:
February 20, 2017
Revised:
February 28, 2017
Citation
Cadrazco, M., Agudelo, J. R., Orozco, L. Y., and Estrada, V. (March 30, 2017). "Genotoxicity of Diesel Particulate Matter Emitted by Port-Injection of Hydrous Ethanol and n-Butanol." ASME. J. Energy Resour. Technol. July 2017; 139(4): 042207. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4036253
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