Abstract
Using fossil fuels as the primary way to generate electricity causes a significant effect on the environment. In 2019, more than 64% of the electricity in the United States of America was generated using fossil-fuel resources, while renewable energy (RE) resources contributed to only 17% of the U.S. electricity generation for the same year. Due to the complex terrain distribution of many states in the U.S., a massive opportunity of utilizing RE resources in rural and remote areas can reduce the cost of electrical grid installation for such areas. In this study, a typical residential building with an average energy utilization of 30.25 kWh/day with a demand peak of 5.34 kW was considered a case study in each state to optimize a hybrid RE system and find the best alternative electrical grid system. This study presents the best configuration between solar and wind energy with different types of energy storage. It was discovered the photovoltaic (PV) solar panels—diesel generators with battery best services in all states. The daily radiation and diesel prices substantially affect the levelized cost of energy (COE) values in each state.
Issue Section:
Alternative Energy Sources
Keywords:
hybrid optimization of multiple energy resources,
solar power,
wind energy,
renewables,
alternative energy sources,
energy conversion/systems,
energy extraction of energy from its natural resource,
energy systems analysis
Topics:
Batteries,
Diesel,
Diesel generators,
Photovoltaic panels,
Renewable energy,
Residential construction,
Solar energy,
Stress,
Wind,
Wind turbines,
Radiation (Physics),
Optimization,
Electric power generation,
Wind velocity,
Energy resources,
Wind energy,
Power systems (Machinery),
Generators,
Renewable energy sources,
Emissions,
Fossil fuels,
Energy / power systems
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