..., microturbines, and electrical storage devices connected to charging stations for electric vehicles. Considering the unpredictability of wind power and solar power outputs, besides the behavior of plug-in electric vehicle owners in terms of plugging into the grid to inject or receive power, a stochastic...

... formulation, unit costs decrease by a constant percentage, called the learning rate, for each doubling of experience [ 16 ]. biofuels renewables electric vehicles fuel cell vehicles energetic performance economics Fuels based on renewable energy...