The purpose of this study was to investigate the advantages of laser surface melting for improving wetting over the traditional approach. For comparison, kovar alloy was preoxidized in atmosphere at 700 °C for 10 min, and then wetted with borosilicate glass powder at 1100 °C with different holding time in atmosphere. The proposed approach used a Nd:YAG laser to melt the surface of the kovar alloy sample in atmosphere, then wetted with borosilicate glass powder at 1100 °C with the same holding time. The laser melted surface shows a decrease in contact angle (CA) from 47.5 deg to 38 deg after 100 min. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that the surface and adjacent depth have higher concentration of FeO for laser treated kovar (Kovar(L)) than that on traditional thermal treated kovar (kovar(P)). This is attributed to the following improved wetting and diffusion process. The adhesive oxide layer formed on kovar (L) may enhance the oxygen diffusion into the substrate and iron diffusion outward to form an outside layer. This is an another way to enhance the wetting and diffusion process when compared to the delaminated oxide scales formed on kovar (P) surface. The diffusion mechanisms were discussed for both approaches. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed that an iron oxide interlayer in the joint existed under both conditions. Fayalite nucleated on the iron oxide layer alloy and grew into the glass. In both cases, neither Co nor Ni were involved in the chemical bonding during wetting process. The work has shown that laser surface melting can be used to alter the wetting and diffusion characteristics of kovar alloy onto borosilicate glass.
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January 2018
Research-Article
Effects of Laser Radiation on the Wetting and Diffusion Characteristics of Kovar Alloy on Borosilicate Glass
Min Zhang,
Min Zhang
Mem. ASME
Laser Processing Research Center,
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,
Soochow University,
Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
e-mail: mzhang@aliyun.com
Laser Processing Research Center,
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,
Soochow University,
Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
e-mail: mzhang@aliyun.com
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Y. Lawrence Yao,
Y. Lawrence Yao
Fellow ASME
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: yly1@columbia.edu
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: yly1@columbia.edu
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Chang Jun Chen,
Chang Jun Chen
Mem. ASME
Laser Processing Research Center,
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,
Soochow University,
Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
e-mail: chjchen2001@aliyun.com
Laser Processing Research Center,
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,
Soochow University,
Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
e-mail: chjchen2001@aliyun.com
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Panjawat Kongsuwan,
Panjawat Kongsuwan
Mem. ASME
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: panjawat.kon@mtec.or.th
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: panjawat.kon@mtec.or.th
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Grant Brandal,
Grant Brandal
Mem. ASME
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: gbb2114@columbia.edu
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: gbb2114@columbia.edu
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Dakai Bian
Dakai Bian
Mem. ASME
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: db2875@columbia.edu
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: db2875@columbia.edu
Search for other works by this author on:
Min Zhang
Mem. ASME
Laser Processing Research Center,
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,
Soochow University,
Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
e-mail: mzhang@aliyun.com
Laser Processing Research Center,
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,
Soochow University,
Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
e-mail: mzhang@aliyun.com
Y. Lawrence Yao
Fellow ASME
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: yly1@columbia.edu
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: yly1@columbia.edu
Chang Jun Chen
Mem. ASME
Laser Processing Research Center,
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,
Soochow University,
Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
e-mail: chjchen2001@aliyun.com
Laser Processing Research Center,
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,
Soochow University,
Suzhou 215021, Jiangsu, China
e-mail: chjchen2001@aliyun.com
Panjawat Kongsuwan
Mem. ASME
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: panjawat.kon@mtec.or.th
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: panjawat.kon@mtec.or.th
Grant Brandal
Mem. ASME
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: gbb2114@columbia.edu
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: gbb2114@columbia.edu
Dakai Bian
Mem. ASME
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: db2875@columbia.edu
Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027
e-mail: db2875@columbia.edu
1Corresponding author.
Manuscript received March 5, 2017; final manuscript received June 21, 2017; published online November 17, 2017. Assoc. Editor: Hongqiang Chen.
J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. Jan 2018, 140(1): 011012 (9 pages)
Published Online: November 17, 2017
Article history
Received:
March 5, 2017
Revised:
June 21, 2017
Citation
Zhang, M., Lawrence Yao, Y., Jun Chen, C., Kongsuwan, P., Brandal, G., and Bian, D. (November 17, 2017). "Effects of Laser Radiation on the Wetting and Diffusion Characteristics of Kovar Alloy on Borosilicate Glass." ASME. J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. January 2018; 140(1): 011012. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4037426
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