Engineering research into packing problems has been widely undertaken in recent years. The use of component shape morphing in layout design has, however, received little attention. Shape morphing is required for fitting a component of sufficient size in a limited space while optimizing the overall performance objectives of the vehicle and improving design efficiency. To morph components that can have arbitrary shapes in layout design, a mass-spring physical model-based morphing method is proposed and implemented. Vehicle layout design with shape morphing is a multi-objective, multilevel problem with a large number of design variables. To solve this large scale problem, decomposition is adopted. At the system level, the overall performance objectives are optimized with respect to locations and orientations of components. At the component level, deformable objects are morphed to fit in the available space. A vehicle underhood layout design problem is demonstrated to illustrate the proposed approach.

References

1.
Syan
,
C. S.
, and
Menon
,
U.
, 1994
Concurrent Engineering: Concepts, Implementation and Practice
,
Chapman and Hall
,
London
.
2.
Dong
,
H.
, 2008, “
Physics-Based Shape Morphing and Packing for Layout Design
,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Clemson University, Clemson, SC.
3.
Epstein
,
L.
,
Seiden
,
S.
, and
Stee
,
R.
, 2001, “
On the Fractal Beauty of Bin Packing
,” Tech. Report No. SEN-R0104.
4.
Sorkin
,
G. B.
, 1991, “
Efficient Simulated Annealing on Fractal Energy Landscapes
,”
Algorithmica
,
6
(
1
), pp.
367
418
.
5.
Grignon
,
P. M.
, 1999, “
Configuration Design Optimization Method
,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Clemson University, Clemson, SC.
6.
Miao
,
Y.
,
Vincent
,
Y. B.
, and
Fadel
,
G. M.
, 2003, “
Multi-Objective Configuration Optimization With Vehicle Dynamics Applied to Midsize Truck Design
,”
Proceedings of the ASME 2003 DETC03
, pp.
319
327
, Paper No. DAC–48735.
7.
Miao
,
Y.
, and
Fadel
,
G. M.
, 2005, “
Genetic Algorithm for the Packing Problems
,”
Proceedings of the ASME 2005 DETC05
.
8.
Szykman
,
S.
, and
Cagan
,
J.
, 1995, “
A Simulated Annealing-Based Approach to Three-Dimensional Component Packing
,”
ASME J. Mech. Des.
,
117
(
2
), pp.
308
314
.
9.
Campbell
,
M. I.
,
Amon
,
C. H.
, and
Cagan
,
J.
, 1997, “
Optimal Three-Dimensional Placement of Heat Generating Electronic Components
,”
ASME J. Electron. Packag.
,
119
(
2
), pp.
106
113
.
10.
Hopper
,
E.
, and
Turton
,
B.
, 1999, “
A Genetic Algorithm for a 2D Industrial Packing Problem
,”
Comput. Ind. Eng.
,
37
(
1–2
), pp.
375
378
.
11.
Smith
,
N.
,
Hills
,
W.
, and
Cleland
,
G.
, 1996, “
A Layout Design System for Complex Made-to-Order Products
,”
J. Eng. Design
,
7
(
4
), pp.
363
375
.
12.
Wu
,
H.
, and
Dai
,
W. W. M.
, 2000, “
Soft Block Packing Based on Bounded Slicing Grid Structure
,”
Proceedings of the International Conference Chip Design Automation
.
13.
Kang
,
M.
and
Dai
,
W. W. M.
, 1997, “
General Floor Planning With L-Shaped, T-Shaped, and Soft Blocks Based on Bounded Slicing Grid Structure
,”
Proceedings of the IEEE Conference Asia South Pacific Design Automation
, pp.
265
270
.
14.
Chu
,
C. N.
, and
Young
,
E. F. Y.
, 2004, “
Nonrectangular Shaping and Sizing of Soft Modules for Floorplan-Design Improvement
,”
IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Des.
,
23
(
1
), pp.
71
79
.
15.
Su
,
Y.
,
Cagan
,
J.
, and
Hodges
,
P.
, 2004, “
Layout Optimization of Shapeable Components With Extended Pattern Search Applied to Transmission Design
,”
ASME J. Mech. Des.
,
126
(
1
), pp.
188
191
.
16.
Faulkenberg
,
S. L.
, 2005, “
Bilevel Mathematical Programming: Methodology and Application in Packaging
,” M.S. Thesis, Clemson University, Clemson, SC.
17.
Alexa
,
M.
, 2002, “
Recent Advances in Mesh Morphing
,”
Comput. Graph. Forum
,
21
(
2
), pp.
173
197
.
18.
Kegl
,
M.
, 2005, “
Parameterization Based Shape Optimization: Theory and Practical Implementation Aspects
,”
Eng. Comput.: Int. J. Comput.-Aided Eng.
,
22
(
5–6
), pp.
646
663
.
19.
Daoud
,
F.
,
Camprubi
,
N.
, and
Bletzinger
,
K. U.
, 2005, “
Filtering and Regularization Techniques in Shape Optimization With CAD-Free Parametrization
,”
Book of Abstracts of 3rd M.I.T. Conference Computational Fluid and Solid Mechanics
,
K. J.
Bathe
, ed.,
Elsevier
.
20.
Moore
,
P.
, and
Molloy
,
D.
, 2007, “
A Survey of Computer-Based Deformable Models
,”
Machine Vision and Image Processing Conference
, pp.
55
66
.
21.
Terzopoulos
,
D.
,
Platt
,
J.
,
Barr
,
A.
, and
Fleischer
,
K.
, 1987, “
Elastically Deformable Models
,”
ACM Comput. Graph.
,
21
(
4
), pp.
205
214
.
22.
Terzopoulos
,
D.
, and
Waters
,
K.
, 1990, “
Pysically-Based Facial Modeling, Analysis, and Animation
,”
J. Visualization Comput. Anim.
,
1
(
2
), pp.
73
80
.
23.
Matyka
,
M.
, and
Ollila
,
M.
, 2003, “
Pressure Model of Soft Body Simulation,”
Proceedings of Sigrad
, pp.
1
17
.
24.
Deb
,
K.
,
Pratap
,
A.
,
Agarwal
,
S.
, and
Meyarivan
,
T.
, 2002, “
A Fast and Elitist Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm: NSGA-I
,”
IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput.
,
6
(
2
), pp
182
197
.
25.
UNC GAMMA Group, “
Geometric Algorithms for Modeling, Motion, and Animation
,” http://gamma.cs.unc.edu/http://gamma.cs.unc.edu/
You do not currently have access to this content.