Influence of Channel Geometry and Flow Variables on Cyclone Cooling of Turbine Blades

A study examining the internal cooling of turbine blades by swirling flow is presented. The sensitivity of swirling flow is investigated with regard to Reynolds number, swirl intensity, and the common geometric features of blade-cooling ducts. The flow system consists of a straight and round channel that is attached to a swirl generator with tangential inlets. Different orifices and 180-deg bends are employed as channel outlets. The experiments were carried out with magnetic resonance velocimetry (MRV) for which water was used as flow medium. As the main outcome, it was found that the investigated flows are highly sensitive to the conditions at the channel outlet. However, it was also discovered that for some outlet geometries the flow field remains the same. The associated flow features a favorable topology for heat transfer; the majority of mass is transported in the annular region close to the channel walls. Together with its high robustness, it is regarded as an applicable flow type for the internal cooling of turbine blades. A large eddy simulation (LES) was conducted to analyze the heat transfer characteristic of the associated flow for $S0=3$ and $Re=20,000$⁠. The simulation showed an averaged Nusselt number increase of factor 4.7 compared to fully developed flow. However, a pressure loss increase of factor 43 must be considered as well.