The aspect of hub cavity purge has been investigated in a high-pressure axial low-reaction turbine stage. The cavity purge is an important part of the secondary air system, used to isolate the cavities below the hub level from the hot main annulus flow. A full-scale cold-flow experimental rig featuring a rotating stage was used in the investigation, quantifying main annulus flow field impact with respect to purge flow rate as it was injected upstream of the rotor. Five operating speeds were investigated of which three with respect to purge flow, namely, a high loading design case, and two high-speed points encompassing the peak efficiency. At each of these operating speeds, the amount of purge flow was varied from 0% to 2%. Observing the effect of the purge rate on measurement plane averaged parameters, a minor flow angle decrease and Mach number increase is seen for the low speed case, while maintaining near constant values for the higher operating speeds. The prominent effect due to purge is seen in the efficiency, showing a linear sensitivity to purge of 1.3%-points for every 1% of added purge flow for the investigated speeds. While spatial average values of flow angle and Mach number are essentially unaffected by purge injection, important spanwise variations are observed and highlighted. The secondary flow structure is strengthened in the hub region, leading to a generally increased over-turning and lowered flow velocity. Meanwhile, the added volume flow through the rotor leads to higher outlet flow velocities visible at higher span, with associated decreased turning. A radial efficiency distribution is utilized, showing negative impact through span heights from 15% to 70%. Pitchwise variation of investigated flow parameters is significantly influenced by purge flow, making this a parameter to include for instance when evaluating benefits of stator clocking positions.
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March 2018
Research-Article
Experimental Investigation of Turbine Stage Flow Field and Performance at Varying Cavity Purge Rates and Operating Speeds
Jens Fridh
Jens Fridh
KTH Royal Institute of Technology,
Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
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Johan Dahlqvist
Jens Fridh
KTH Royal Institute of Technology,
Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
1Corresponding author.
Contributed by the International Gas Turbine Institute (IGTI) of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY. Manuscript received August 22, 2017; final manuscript received October 26, 2017; published online December 20, 2017. Editor: Kenneth Hall.
J. Turbomach. Mar 2018, 140(3): 031001 (10 pages)
Published Online: December 20, 2017
Article history
Received:
August 22, 2017
Revised:
October 26, 2017
Citation
Dahlqvist, J., and Fridh, J. (December 20, 2017). "Experimental Investigation of Turbine Stage Flow Field and Performance at Varying Cavity Purge Rates and Operating Speeds." ASME. J. Turbomach. March 2018; 140(3): 031001. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4038468
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